PTE Speaking & Writing Practice Test 3

"The conference organisers extended the registration deadline by two full weeks."

"Today's topic is how vaccines train the immune system to fight diseases it has never actually encountered. A vaccine typically introduces the body to a harmless piece of a pathogen, such as a weakened virus, an inactivated virus, or even just a single distinctive protein from its surface, without causing the actual disease. When the immune system detects this foreign material, it responds much as it would to a genuine infection, producing specialised cells and antibodies specifically designed to recognise and neutralise that particular pathogen. Crucially, the immune system also creates long-lived memory cells that persist for years, sometimes decades, after vaccination. If the body later encounters the real pathogen, these memory cells can recognise it immediately and mount a much faster, stronger defence than an immune system encountering the threat for the very first time, often preventing illness altogether or significantly reducing its severity. This is fundamentally different from simply taking medication after becoming sick, since a vaccine works proactively, preparing the immune system in advance rather than treating symptoms after infection has already taken hold. Widespread vaccination within a population can also produce a protective effect known as herd immunity, indirectly shielding individuals who cannot be vaccinated themselves, such as newborns or people with certain medical conditions, by reducing the pathogen's overall ability to spread."

"A barometer." — one word is enough; a full sentence is not required.

Speaker A: "I believe universities should make class attendance mandatory, since regular attendance is strongly linked to better exam performance and helps build good discipline for later working life."

Speaker B: "I disagree with making it mandatory. University students are adults who should be trusted to manage their own time, and some students genuinely learn better by reviewing recorded lectures at their own pace."

Speaker A: "That's a reasonable point for recorded lecture courses, but attendance still matters enormously for seminars and lab sessions that depend on live discussion and hands-on practice."

Speaker B: "Agreed there, so perhaps a more flexible policy, mandatory for interactive sessions but optional for straightforward lecture content, would satisfy both concerns."

Moderator: "So we have one view favouring mandatory attendance for discipline and performance, and another favouring student autonomy, with a possible middle ground based on course format."

শক্তিশালী: উভয় দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি সুস্পষ্ট, বাস্তব উদ্বেগ ও সমাধান উভয়ই আলোচিত, জটিল বাক্য গঠনে লেখা।

মধ্যম: প্রধান ধারণা সঠিক কিন্তু সহজ বাক্য, সীমিত উদাহরণ।

দুর্বল: ব্যাকরণ ভুল, খুব কম শব্দ, স্পষ্ট গঠন নেই।